{"id":4408,"date":"2019-01-13T12:37:32","date_gmt":"2019-01-13T12:37:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.africanchallenges.com\/?p=4408"},"modified":"2019-01-13T12:38:04","modified_gmt":"2019-01-13T12:38:04","slug":"classement-2018-des-democraties-africaines-selon-leiu","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africanchallenges.com\/?p=4408","title":{"rendered":"Classement 2018 des d\u00e9mocraties africaines selon l’EIU"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

L’Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) vient de publier son rapport (classement) 2018 sur la d\u00e9mocratie dans le monde. Prenant en compte 50 pays d’Afrique, le nouveau rapport intitul\u00e9 \u00ab Me too ? \u00bb fait un \u00e9tat des lieux de la d\u00e9mocratie \u00e0 travers le continent.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

D’apr\u00e8s l’\u00e9tude, on note une am\u00e9lioration du score moyen r\u00e9gional de l’indice de d\u00e9mocratie qui est pass\u00e9 \u00e0 4,36 en 2018 contre 4,35 en 2017.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Cependant, cette am\u00e9lioration qui reste en dessous de la moyenne mondiale (5,48) cache une difficult\u00e9 des pays du continent \u00e0 adopter une orientation r\u00e9solument d\u00e9mocratique. Ainsi l’\u00e9tude indique que l’\u00e9tat de la d\u00e9mocratie en Afrique est rest\u00e9 m\u00e9diocre au fil des ans alors qu\u2019une concentration de r\u00e9gimes autoritaires continue de caract\u00e9riser le continent.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Neuf pays africains figurent dans le top 20 des pires d\u00e9mocraties du monde dont deux dans la r\u00e9gion MENA et les sept autres en Afrique subsaharienne. Dans cette derni\u00e8re r\u00e9gion, seuls 12 des 44 pays pris en compte par l’\u00e9tude ont enregistr\u00e9 une am\u00e9lioration de leur score global tandis que 9 se sont d\u00e9t\u00e9rior\u00e9s et environ la moiti\u00e9 a stagn\u00e9.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

En Afrique du Nord, si le Maroc a enregistr\u00e9 une l\u00e9g\u00e8re hausse de son indice national de d\u00e9mocratie, c’est surtout la Tunisie qui a r\u00e9alis\u00e9 la plus grosse performance en passant dans la cat\u00e9gorie des \u00ab d\u00e9mocraties imparfaites \u00bb. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Notons que seul un pays du continent, Maurice, figure dans la cat\u00e9gorie des \u00ab pleines d\u00e9mocraties \u00bb. Huit d\u2019entre eux sont des d\u00e9mocraties imparfaites, et 15 des \u00ab r\u00e9gimes hybrides \u00bb (\u00e0 mi-chemin entre r\u00e9gimes autoritaires et d\u00e9mocraties), tandis que les 26 autres sont class\u00e9s dans les r\u00e9gimes autoritaires.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pour rappel, l’Indice de la d\u00e9mocratie de l’Economist Intelligence Unit donne, depuis 2006, un aper\u00e7u de l’\u00e9tat de la d\u00e9mocratie dans le monde entier pour 165 Etats ind\u00e9pendants et deux territoires. Pour ce faire, il se base sur cinq familles de crit\u00e8res \u00e0 savoir : le processus \u00e9lectoral et le pluralisme ; les libert\u00e9s civiles ; le fonctionnement du gouvernement ; la participation politique ; et la culture politique. Ceux-ci permettent de classer les pays selon quatre types de r\u00e9gimes \u00e0 savoir \u00ab pleine d\u00e9mocratie \u00bb, \u00ab d\u00e9mocratie imparfaite \u00bb, \u00ab r\u00e9gime hybride \u00bb et \u00ab r\u00e9gime autoritaire \u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Classement 2018 des d\u00e9mocraties africaines selon l\u2019EIU<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n
Rang continental<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Pays<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Score<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Rang mondial<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Type de r\u00e9gime<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
1<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Maurice<\/sub><\/td>8,22<\/sub><\/td>17<\/sub><\/td>Pleine d\u00e9mocratie<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
2<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Cap-Vert<\/sub><\/td>7,88<\/sub><\/td>26<\/sub><\/td>D\u00e9mocratie imparfaite<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
3<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Botswana<\/sub><\/td>7,81<\/sub><\/td>28<\/sub><\/td>D\u00e9mocratie imparfaite<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
4<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Afrique du Sud<\/sub><\/td>7,24<\/sub><\/td>40<\/sub><\/td>D\u00e9mocratie imparfaite<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
5<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Lesotho<\/sub><\/td>6,64<\/sub><\/td>56<\/sub><\/td>D\u00e9mocratie imparfaite<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
6<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Ghana<\/sub><\/td>6,63<\/sub><\/td>57<\/sub><\/td>D\u00e9mocratie imparfaite<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
7<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Tunisie<\/sub><\/td>6,41<\/sub><\/td>63<\/sub><\/td>D\u00e9mocratie imparfaite<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
8<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Namibie<\/sub><\/td>6,25<\/sub><\/td>69<\/sub><\/td>D\u00e9mocratie imparfaite<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
9<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>S\u00e9n\u00e9gal<\/sub><\/td>6,15<\/sub><\/td>73<\/sub><\/td>D\u00e9mocratie imparfaite<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
10<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>B\u00e9nin<\/sub><\/td>5,74<\/sub><\/td>81<\/sub><\/td>Hybride<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
11<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Zambie<\/sub><\/td>5,61<\/sub><\/td>86<\/sub><\/td>Hybride<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
12<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Malawi<\/sub><\/td>5,49<\/sub><\/td>90<\/sub><\/td>Hybride<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
13<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Tanzanie<\/sub><\/td>5,41<\/sub><\/td>91<\/sub><\/td>Hybride<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
14<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Mali<\/sub><\/td>5,41<\/sub><\/td>91<\/sub><\/td>Hybride<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
15<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Liberia<\/sub><\/td>5,35<\/sub><\/td>93<\/sub><\/td>Hybride<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
16<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Madagascar<\/sub><\/td>5,22<\/sub><\/td>95<\/sub><\/td>Hybride<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
17<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Ouganda<\/sub><\/td>5,20<\/sub><\/td>96<\/sub><\/td>Hybride<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
18<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Kenya<\/sub><\/td>5,11<\/sub><\/td>98<\/sub><\/td>Hybride<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
19<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Maroc<\/sub><\/td>4,99<\/sub><\/td>100<\/sub><\/td>Hybride<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
20<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Burkina Faso<\/sub><\/td>4,75<\/sub><\/td>104<\/sub><\/td>Hybride<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
21<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Sierra Leone<\/sub><\/td>4,66<\/sub><\/td>105<\/sub><\/td>Hybride<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
22<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Nigeria<\/sub><\/td>4,44<\/sub><\/td>108<\/sub><\/td>Hybride<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
23<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Gambie<\/sub><\/td>4,31<\/sub><\/td>111<\/sub><\/td>Hybride<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
24<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>C\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire<\/sub><\/td>4,15<\/sub><\/td>113<\/sub><\/td>Hybride<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
25<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Mozambique<\/sub><\/td>3,85<\/sub><\/td>116<\/sub><\/td>Autoritaire<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
26<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Mauritanie<\/sub><\/td>3,82<\/sub><\/td>119<\/sub><\/td>Autoritaire<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
27<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Niger<\/sub><\/td>3,76<\/sub><\/td>120<\/sub><\/td>Autoritaire<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
28<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Comores<\/sub><\/td>3,71<\/sub><\/td>121<\/sub><\/td>Autoritaire<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
29<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Angola<\/sub><\/td>3,62<\/sub><\/td>123<\/sub><\/td>Autoritaire<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
30<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Gabon<\/sub><\/td>3,61<\/sub><\/td>124<\/sub><\/td>Autoritaire<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
31<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Alg\u00e9rie<\/sub><\/td>3,50<\/sub><\/td>126<\/sub><\/td>Autoritaire<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
32<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Egypte<\/sub><\/td>3,36<\/sub><\/td>127<\/sub><\/td>Autoritaire<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
33<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Ethiopie<\/sub><\/td>3,35<\/sub><\/td>128<\/sub><\/td>Autoritaire<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
33<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Rwanda<\/sub><\/td>3,35<\/sub><\/td>128<\/sub><\/td>Autoritaire<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
35<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Congo<\/sub><\/td>3,31<\/sub><\/td>131<\/sub><\/td>Autoritaire<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
36<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Cameroun<\/sub><\/td>3,28<\/sub><\/td>132<\/sub><\/td>Autoritaire<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
37<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Zimbabwe<\/sub><\/td>3,16<\/sub><\/td>134<\/sub><\/td>Autoritaire<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
38<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Guin\u00e9e<\/sub><\/td>3,14<\/sub><\/td>136<\/sub><\/td>Autoritaire<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
39<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Togo<\/sub><\/td>3,10<\/sub><\/td>138<\/sub><\/td>Autoritaire<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
40<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Swaziland<\/sub><\/td>3,03<\/sub><\/td>141<\/sub><\/td>Autoritaire<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
41<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Djibouti<\/sub><\/td>2,87<\/sub><\/td>146<\/sub><\/td>Autoritaire<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
42<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Erythr\u00e9e<\/sub><\/td>2,37<\/sub><\/td>151<\/sub><\/td>Autoritaire<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
43<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Burundi<\/sub><\/td>2,33<\/sub><\/td>153<\/sub><\/td>Autoritaire<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
44<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Libye<\/sub><\/td>2,19<\/sub><\/td>154<\/sub><\/td>Autoritaire<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
45<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Soudan<\/sub><\/td>2,15<\/sub><\/td>155<\/sub><\/td>Autoritaire<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
46<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Guin\u00e9e-Bissau<\/sub><\/td>1,98<\/sub><\/td>157<\/sub><\/td>Autoritaire<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
47<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Guin\u00e9e \u00e9quatoriale<\/sub><\/td>1,92<\/sub><\/td>161<\/sub><\/td>Autoritaire<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
48<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>Tchad<\/sub><\/td>1,61<\/sub><\/td>163<\/sub><\/td>Autoritaire<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
49<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>R\u00e9publique centrafricaine<\/sub><\/td>1,52<\/sub><\/td>164<\/sub><\/td>Autoritaire<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr>
50<\/strong><\/sub><\/td>RDC<\/sub><\/td>1,49<\/sub><\/td>165<\/sub><\/td>Autoritaire<\/strong><\/sub><\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table>\n\n\n\n

Avec Agence Ecofin<\/p>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

L’Economist Intelligence Unit (EIU) vient de publier son rapport (classement) 2018 sur la d\u00e9mocratie dans le monde. Prenant en compte 50 pays d’Afrique, le nouveau rapport intitul\u00e9 \u00ab Me too ? \u00bb fait un \u00e9tat des lieux de la d\u00e9mocratie \u00e0 travers le continent. D’apr\u00e8s l’\u00e9tude, on note une am\u00e9lioration du score moyen r\u00e9gional de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":4411,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"override_template":"1","override":[{"template":"1","parallax":"1","layout":"right-sidebar","sidebar":"default-sidebar","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"top","share_float_style":"share-monocrhome","show_share_counter":"1","show_view_counter":"1","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author":"1","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_category":"1","show_post_tag":"1","show_prev_next_post":"1","show_popup_post":"1","number_popup_post":"1","show_post_related":"1"}],"image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-500","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}]},"jnews_primary_category":{"id":""},"jnews_override_bookmark_settings":[],"jnews_review":[],"enable_review":"","type":"","name":"","summary":"","brand":"","sku":"","good":[],"bad":[],"score_override":"","override_value":"","rating":[],"price":[],"jnews_post_split":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[79,2112],"class_list":["post-4408","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-news-politique","tag-classement","tag-democratie-africaines"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.africanchallenges.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4408","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.africanchallenges.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.africanchallenges.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.africanchallenges.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.africanchallenges.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4408"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.africanchallenges.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4408\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4413,"href":"https:\/\/www.africanchallenges.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4408\/revisions\/4413"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.africanchallenges.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/4411"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.africanchallenges.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4408"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.africanchallenges.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4408"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.africanchallenges.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4408"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}