{"id":2963,"date":"2018-10-17T23:17:29","date_gmt":"2018-10-17T23:17:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.africanchallenges.com\/?p=2963"},"modified":"2018-10-17T23:17:29","modified_gmt":"2018-10-17T23:17:29","slug":"classement-2018-des-economies-africaines-les-plus-competitives-selon-le-world-economic-forum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.africanchallenges.com\/?p=2963","title":{"rendered":"Classement 2018 des \u00e9conomies africaines les plus comp\u00e9titives selon le World Economic Forum"},"content":{"rendered":"

Le World Economic Forum (WEF) a publi\u00e9 ce mercredi, son \u00e9dition 2018 des \u00e9conomies les plus comp\u00e9titives \u00e0 travers le monde. Alors que le classement mondial est domin\u00e9 par les Etats-Unis d\u2019Am\u00e9rique, le principal constat concernant l\u2019Afrique est que les pays du continent restent largement surrepr\u00e9sent\u00e9s dans le bas du tableau.<\/strong><\/p>\n

L\u2019Afrique subsaharienne derni\u00e8re de la classe<\/strong><\/p>\n

A l\u2019analyse des donn\u00e9es fournies par le WEF dans son tableau, il ressort que les \u00e9conomies africaines en g\u00e9n\u00e9ral manquent cruellement de comp\u00e9titivit\u00e9, ce qui se v\u00e9rifie surtout en Afrique subsaharienne.<\/p>\n

Alors que la moyenne mondiale est de 60 (d\u00e9montrant qu\u2019aucun pays dans le monde n\u2019est \u00e0 100% comp\u00e9titif), l\u2019indice de comp\u00e9titivit\u00e9 en Afrique subsaharienne est de 45,2 sur 100. En plus de classer la r\u00e9gion comme derni\u00e8re du classement mondial, ce score indique surtout que l\u2019Afrique subsaharienne n\u2019atteint m\u00eame pas le seuil minimum de la moiti\u00e9 de la note maximale, soit 50 sur 100.<\/p>\n

Cette performance r\u00e9gionale se r\u00e9percute au niveau des performances nationales des \u00e9conomies africaines. D\u2019apr\u00e8s les statistiques fournies, 18 pays sur les 21 ayant un score en dessous de 50, sont originaires d\u2019Afrique subsaharienne. 17 des 34 \u00e9conomies de l\u2019Afrique subsaharienne \u00e9tudi\u00e9es dans le rapport font partie des 20 les moins performantes.<\/p>\n

Alors qu\u2019aucun pays africain n\u2019est pr\u00e9sent dans le top 10 des \u00e9conomies les plus performantes au monde, on constate que huit pays de la r\u00e9gion sont pr\u00e9sents parmi les 10 pays les moins comp\u00e9titifs.<\/p>\n

Notons que seuls deux pays du continent (Maurice, Afrique du Sud) affichent un indice de comp\u00e9titivit\u00e9 sup\u00e9rieur \u00e0 la moyenne mondiale (avec respectivement 63,7 et 60,8), tandis que le Tchad occupe le bas du tableau continental et mondial (140e sur 140 pays) avec un indice de 35,5<\/p>\n

En se penchant sur les performances au niveau des sous-r\u00e9gions du continent, on constate cependant que malgr\u00e9 le mauvais indice r\u00e9gional, certaines sous-r\u00e9gions du continent sont plus comp\u00e9titives que d\u2019autres. Ainsi, au niveau de ce classement sous- r\u00e9gional, c\u2019est l\u2019Afrique australe qui arrive en t\u00eate avec un indice de 48, suivie par l\u2019Afrique de l\u2019Est (46,8) et l\u2019Afrique de l\u2019Ouest (44,5).<\/p>\n

La faiblesse des institutions et des politiques publiques<\/strong><\/p>\n

Selon les auteurs du rapport, ces faibles scores des \u00e9conomies africaines sont dus \u00e0 une faiblesse des institutions mises en place par les Etats, ainsi que l\u2019inad\u00e9quation de leurs politiques publiques. Ceci explique pourquoi l\u2019Afrique subsaharienne a la performance r\u00e9gionale la plus faible sur 10 des 12 piliers constitutifs de l\u2019indice de comp\u00e9titivit\u00e9 du WEF, qui se regroupent eux-m\u00eames en quatre secteurs (environnement \u00e9conomique, capital humain, march\u00e9 et \u00e9cosyst\u00e8me de l\u2019innovation).<\/p>\n

La lourdeur administrative, l\u2019inad\u00e9quation des politiques publiques et la difficult\u00e9 des pays du continent \u00e0 combler leur retard dans le secteur des nouvelles technologies expliquent entre autres les r\u00e9sultats d\u00e9cevants des \u00e9conomies africaines, malgr\u00e9 des croissances \u00e9conomiques robustes.<\/p>\n

Notons que seize pays africains n\u2019ont pas \u00e9t\u00e9 pris en compte dans l\u2019\u00e9tude, expliquant ainsi leur absence du classement. Il s\u2019agit de la Guin\u00e9e-Bissau, du Niger, du Congo, de l\u2019Erythr\u00e9e, de la Libye, de la Somalie, du Soudan, du Soudan du Sud, de Madagascar, de la Guin\u00e9e \u00e9quatoriale, du Togo, de la Centrafrique, du Gabon, de Sao Tom\u00e9-et- Principe, de Djibouti et des Comores<\/p>\n

Pour rappel, l’Indice mondial de comp\u00e9titivit\u00e9 couvrant 140 pays mesure la comp\u00e9titivit\u00e9 nationale des \u00e9conomies, d\u00e9finie comme l’ensemble des institutions, des politiques et des facteurs qui d\u00e9terminent le niveau de productivit\u00e9. Il se base sur 12 indicateurs \u00e0 savoir les institutions, les infrastructures, l\u2019adoption des technologies de l\u2019information et de la communication, la stabilit\u00e9 macro\u00e9conomique, la sant\u00e9, la comp\u00e9tence, le march\u00e9 de la production, le march\u00e9 du travail, les syst\u00e8mes financiers, la taille du march\u00e9, le dynamisme commercial et la capacit\u00e9 d\u2019innover.<\/p>\n

Classement africain des \u00e9conomies les plus comp\u00e9titives<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n
Rang (Afrique)<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nPays<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nScore<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nRang (mondial)<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
1<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nMaurice<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n63,7<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n49<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
2<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nAfrique du Sud<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n60,8<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n67<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
3<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nSeychelles<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n58,5<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n74<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
4<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nMaroc<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n58,5<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n75<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
5<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nTunisie<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n55,6<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n87<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
6<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nBotswana<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n54,5<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n90<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
7<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nAlg\u00e9rie<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n53,8<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n92<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
8<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nKenya<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n53,7<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n93<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
9<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nEgypte<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n53,6<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n94<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
10<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nNamibie<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n52,7<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n100<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
11<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nGhana<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n51,3<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n106<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
12<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nRwanda<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n50,9<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n108<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
13<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nCap-Vert<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n50,2<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n111<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
14<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nS\u00e9n\u00e9gal<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n49<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n113<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
15<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nC\u00f4te d\u2019Ivoire<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n47,6<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n114<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
16<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nNigeria<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n47,5<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n115<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
17<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nTanzanie<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n47,2<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n116<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
18<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nOuganda<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n46,8<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n117<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
19<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nZambie<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n46,1<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n118<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
20<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nGambie<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n45,5<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n119<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
21<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nEswatini<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n45,3<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n120<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
22<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nCameroun<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n45,1<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n121<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
23<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nEthiopie<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n44,5<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n122<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
24<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nB\u00e9nin<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n44,4<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n123<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
25<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nBurkina Faso<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n43,9<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n124<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
26<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nMali<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n43,6<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n125<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
27<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nGuin\u00e9e<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n43,2<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n126<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
28<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nZimbabwe<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n42,6<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n128<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
29<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nMalawi<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n42,4<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n129<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
30<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nLesotho<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n42,3<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n130<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
31<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nMauritanie<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n40,8<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n131<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
32<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nLib\u00e9ria<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n40,5<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n132<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
33<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nMozambique<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n39,8<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n133<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
34<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nSierra L\u00e9one<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n38,8<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n134<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
35<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nRDC<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n38,2<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n135<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
36<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nBurundi<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n37,5<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n136<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
37<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nAngola<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n37,1<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n137<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n
38<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\nTchad<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n35,5<\/strong><\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n140<\/sub><\/span><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n

Avec Agence Ecofin<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Le World Economic Forum (WEF) a publi\u00e9 ce mercredi, son \u00e9dition 2018 des \u00e9conomies les plus comp\u00e9titives \u00e0 travers le monde. Alors que le classement mondial est domin\u00e9 par les Etats-Unis d\u2019Am\u00e9rique, le principal constat concernant l\u2019Afrique est que les pays du continent restent largement surrepr\u00e9sent\u00e9s dans le bas du tableau. L\u2019Afrique subsaharienne derni\u00e8re de […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":2964,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"content-type":"","jnews-multi-image_gallery":[],"jnews_single_post":{"override_template":"1","override":[{"template":"1","parallax":"1","fullscreen":"0","layout":"right-sidebar","sidebar":"default-sidebar","second_sidebar":"default-sidebar","sticky_sidebar":"1","share_position":"top","share_float_style":"share-monocrhome","show_share_counter":"1","show_view_counter":"1","show_featured":"1","show_post_meta":"1","show_post_author":"1","show_post_author_image":"1","show_post_date":"1","post_date_format":"default","post_date_format_custom":"Y\/m\/d","show_post_category":"1","show_post_tag":"1","show_prev_next_post":"1","show_popup_post":"1","number_popup_post":"1","show_author_box":"0","show_post_related":"1","show_inline_post_related":"0"}],"override_image_size":"0","image_override":[{"single_post_thumbnail_size":"crop-500","single_post_gallery_size":"crop-500"}]},"jnews_primary_category":{"id":""},"jnews_override_bookmark_settings":[],"jnews_review":[],"enable_review":"","type":"","name":"","summary":"","brand":"","sku":"","good":[],"bad":[],"score_override":"","override_value":"","rating":[],"price":[],"jnews_post_split":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[43,73],"tags":[79,1501,792,1500,1499],"class_list":["post-2963","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-eco-business","category-eco","tag-classement","tag-indice-mondial-de-competitivite","tag-performance","tag-wef","tag-world-economic-forum"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.africanchallenges.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2963","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.africanchallenges.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.africanchallenges.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.africanchallenges.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/4"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.africanchallenges.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=2963"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.africanchallenges.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2963\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2965,"href":"https:\/\/www.africanchallenges.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2963\/revisions\/2965"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.africanchallenges.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2964"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.africanchallenges.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=2963"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.africanchallenges.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=2963"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.africanchallenges.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=2963"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}